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-- Zoom.Quiet [DateTime(2004-08-19T21:52:55Z)] TableOfContents

Dive Into Python

20 May 2004

Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Mark Pilgrim

This book lives at http://diveintopython.org/. If you're reading it somewhere else, you may not have the latest version.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute, and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in Appendix G, GNU Free Documentation License.

The example programs in this book are free software; you can redistribute and/or modify them under the terms of the Python license as published by the Python Software Foundation. A copy of the license is included in Appendix H, Python license.

章节索引

Installing Python

• ["/1."] Installing Python
• ["/1.1."] Which Python is right for you?
• ["/1.2."] Python on Windows
• ["/1.3."] Python on Mac OS X
• ["/1.4."] Python on Mac OS 9

• ["/1.5."] Python on RedHat Linux

• ["/1.6."] Python on Debian GNU/Linux
• ["/1.7."] Python Installation from Source
• ["/1.8."] The Interactive Shell
• ["/1.9."] Summary

Your First Python Program

• ["/2."] Your First Python Program
• ["/2.1."] Diving in
• ["/2.2."] Declaring Functions
• ["/2.2.1."] How Python's Datatypes Compare to Other Programming Languages
• ["/2.3."] Documenting Functions
• ["/2.4."] Everything Is an Object
• ["/2.4.1."] The Import Search Path
• ["/2.4.2."] What's an Object?
• ["/2.5."] Indenting Code
• ["/2.6."] Testing Modules

Native Datatypes

• ["/3."] Native Datatypes
• ["/3.1."] Introducing Dictionaries
• ["/3.1.1."] Defining Dictionaries
• ["/3.1.2."] Modifying Dictionaries
• ["/3.1.3."] Deleting Items From Dictionaries
• ["/3.2."] Introducing Lists
• ["/3.2.1."] Defining Lists
• ["/3.2.2."] Adding Elements to Lists
• ["/3.2.3."] Searching Lists
• ["/3.2.4."] Deleting List Elements
• ["/3.2.5."] Using List Operators
• ["/3.3."] Introducing Tuples
• ["/3.4."] Declaring variables
• ["/3.4.1."] Referencing Variables
• ["/3.4.2."] Assigning Multiple Values at Once
• ["/3.5."] Formatting Strings
• ["/3.6."] Mapping Lists
• ["/3.7."] Joining Lists and Splitting Strings
• ["/3.7.1."] Historical Note on String Methods
• ["/3.8."] Summary

The Power Of Introspection

• ["/4."] The Power Of Introspection
• ["/4.1."] Diving In
• ["/4.2."] Using Optional and Named Arguments
• ["/4.3."] Using type, str, dir, and Other Built-In Functions
• ["/4.3.1."] The type Function
• ["/4.3.2."] The str Function
• ["/4.3.3."] Built-In Functions
• ["/4.4."] Getting Object References With getattr
• ["/4.4.1."] getattr with Modules
• ["/4.4.2."] getattr As a Dispatcher
• ["/4.5."] Filtering Lists
• ["/4.6."] The Peculiar Nature of and and or
• ["/4.6.1."] Using the and-or Trick
• ["/4.7."] Using lambda Functions
• ["/4.7.1."] Real-World lambda Functions
• ["/4.8."] Putting It All Together
• ["/4.9."] Summary

Objects and Object-Orientation

• ["/5."] Objects and Object-Orientation
• ["/5.1."] Diving In
• ["/5.2."] Importing Modules Using from module import
• ["/5.3."] Defining Classes
• ["/5.3.1."] Initializing and Coding Classes

• ["/5.3.2."] Knowing When to Use self and init

• ["/5.4."] Instantiating Classes
• ["/5.4.1."] Garbage Collection

• ["/5.5."] Exploring UserDict: A Wrapper Class

• ["/5.6."] Special Class Methods
• ["/5.6.1."] Getting and Setting Items
• ["/5.7."] Advanced Special Class Methods
• ["/5.8."] Introducing Class Attributes
• ["/5.9."] Private Functions
• ["/5.10."] Summary

Exceptions and File Handling

• ["/6."] Exceptions and File Handling
• ["/6.1."] Handling Exceptions
• ["/6.1.1."] Using Exceptions For Other Purposes
• ["/6.2."] Working with File Objects
• ["/6.2.1."] Reading Files
• ["/6.2.2."] Closing Files
• ["/6.2.3."] Handling I/O Errors
• ["/6.2.4."] Writing to Files
• ["/6.3."] Iterating with for Loops
• ["/6.4."] Using sys.modules
• ["/6.5."] Working with Directories
• ["/6.6."] Putting It All Together
• ["/6.7."] Summary

Regular Expressions

• ["/7."] Regular Expressions
• ["/7.1."] Diving In
• ["/7.2."] Case Study: Street Addresses
• ["/7.3."] Case Study: Roman Numerals
• ["/7.3.1."] Checking for Thousands
• ["/7.3.2."] Checking for Hundreds
• ["/7.4."] Using the {n,m} Syntax
• ["/7.4.1."] Checking for Tens and Ones
• ["/7.5."] Verbose Regular Expressions
• ["/7.6."] Case study: Parsing Phone Numbers
• ["/7.7."] Summary

HTML Processing

• ["/8."] HTML Processing
• ["/8.1."] Diving in
• ["/8.2."] Introducing sgmllib.py
• ["/8.3."] Extracting data from HTML documents
• ["/8.4."] Introducing BaseHTMLProcessor.py
• ["/8.5."] locals and globals
• ["/8.6."] Dictionary-based string formatting
• ["/8.7."] Quoting attribute values
• ["/8.8."] Introducing dialect.py
• ["/8.9."] Putting it all together
• ["/8.10."] Summary

XML Processing

• ["/9."] XML Processing
• ["/9.1."] Diving in
• ["/9.2."] Packages
• ["/9.3."] Parsing XML
• ["/9.4."] Unicode
• ["/9.5."] Searching for elements
• ["/9.6."] Accessing element attributes
• ["/9.7."] Segue

Scripts and Streams

• ["/10."] Scripts and Streams
• ["/10.1."] Abstracting input sources
• ["/10.2."] Standard input, output, and error
• ["/10.3."] Caching node lookups
• ["/10.4."] Finding direct children of a node
• ["/10.5."] Creating separate handlers by node type
• ["/10.6."] Handling command-line arguments
• ["/10.7."] Putting it all together
• ["/10.8."] Summary

HTTP Web Services

• ["/11."] HTTP Web Services
• ["/11.1."] Diving in
• ["/11.2."] How not to fetch data over HTTP
• ["/11.3."] Features of HTTP
• ["/11.3.1."] User-Agent
• ["/11.3.2."] Redirects
• ["/11.3.3."] Last-Modified/If-Modified-Since
• ["/11.3.4."] ETag/If-None-Match
• ["/11.3.5."] Compression
• ["/11.4."] Debugging HTTP web services
• ["/11.5."] Setting the User-Agent
• ["/11.6."] Handling Last-Modified and ETag
• ["/11.7."] Handling redirects
• ["/11.8."] Handling compressed data
• ["/11.9."] Putting it all together
• ["/11.10."] Summary

SOAP Web Services

• ["/12."] SOAP Web Services
• ["/12.1."] Diving In
• ["/12.2."] Installing the SOAP Libraries
• ["/12.2.1."] Installing PyXML
• ["/12.2.2."] Installing fpconst
• ["/12.2.3."] Installing SOAPpy
• ["/12.3."] First Steps with SOAP
• ["/12.4."] Debugging SOAP Web Services
• ["/12.5."] Introducing WSDL
• ["/12.6."] Introspecting SOAP Web Services with WSDL
• ["/12.7."] Searching Google
• ["/12.8."] Troubleshooting SOAP Web Services
• ["/12.9."] Summary

Unit Testing

• ["/13."] Unit Testing
• ["/13.1."] Introduction to Roman numerals
• ["/13.2."] Diving in
• ["/13.3."] Introducing romantest.py
• ["/13.4."] Testing for success
• ["/13.5."] Testing for failure
• ["/13.6."] Testing for sanity

Test-First Programming

• ["/14."] Test-First Programming
• ["/14.1."] roman.py, stage 1
• ["/14.2."] roman.py, stage 2
• ["/14.3."] roman.py, stage 3
• ["/14.4."] roman.py, stage 4
• ["/14.5."] roman.py, stage 5

Refactoring

• ["/15."] Refactoring
• ["/15.1."] Handling bugs
• ["/15.2."] Handling changing requirements
• ["/15.3."] Refactoring
• ["/15.4."] Postscript
• ["/15.5."] Summary

Functional Programming

• ["/16."] Functional Programming
• ["/16.1."] Diving in
• ["/16.2."] Finding the path
• ["/16.3."] Filtering lists revisited
• ["/16.4."] Mapping lists revisited
• ["/16.5."] Data-centric programming
• ["/16.6."] Dynamically importing modules
• ["/16.7."] Putting it all together
• ["/16.8."] Summary

Dynamic functions

• ["/17."] Dynamic functions
• ["/17.1."] Diving in
• ["/17.2."] plural.py, stage 1
• ["/17.3."] plural.py, stage 2
• ["/17.4."] plural.py, stage 3
• ["/17.5."] plural.py, stage 4
• ["/17.6."] plural.py, stage 5
• ["/17.7."] plural.py, stage 6
• ["/17.8."] Summary

Performance Tuning

• ["/18."] Performance Tuning
• ["/18.1."] Diving in
• ["/18.2."] Using the timeit Module
• ["/18.3."] Optimizing Regular Expressions
• ["/18.4."] Optimizing Dictionary Lookups
• ["/18.5."] Optimizing List Operations
• ["/18.6."] Optimizing String Manipulation

Summary

• ["/18.7."] Summary
• ["/A."] Further reading
• ["/B."] A 5-minute review
• ["/C."] Tips and tricks
• ["/D."] List of examples
• ["/E."] Revision history
• ["/F."] About the book
• ["/G."] GNU Free Documentation License
• ["/G.0."] Preamble
• ["/G.1."] Applicability and definitions
• ["/G.2."] Verbatim copying
• ["/G.3."] Copying in quantity
• ["/G.4."] Modifications
• ["/G.5."] Combining documents
• ["/G.6."] Collections of documents
• ["/G.7."] Aggregation with independent works
• ["/G.8."] Translation
• ["/G.9."] Termination
• ["/G.10."] Future revisions of this license
• ["/G.11."] How to use this License for your documents
• ["/H."] Python license
• ["/H.A."] History of the software
• ["/H.B."] Terms and conditions for accessing or otherwise using Python
• ["/H.B.1."] PSF license agreement

• ["/H.B.2."] BeOpen Python open source license agreement version 1

• ["/H.B.3."] CNRI open source GPL-compatible license agreement
• ["/H.B.4."] CWI permissions statement and disclaimer

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f=open("DinPy",'r')
s=f.read()
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