深入Python 5.4 版本,中文翻译!

-- Zoom.Quiet [DateTime(2004-08-19T21:52:55Z)] TableOfContents

Dive Into Python

20 May 2004

Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Mark Pilgrim

This book lives at http://diveintopython.org/. If you're reading it somewhere else, you may not have the latest version.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute, and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in Appendix G, GNU Free Documentation License.

The example programs in this book are free software; you can redistribute and/or modify them under the terms of the Python license as published by the Python Software Foundation. A copy of the license is included in Appendix H, Python license.

章节索引

1. Installing Python 1.1. Which Python is right for you? 1.2. Python on Windows 1.3. Python on Mac OS X 1.4. Python on Mac OS 9 1.5. Python on RedHat Linux 1.6. Python on Debian GNU/Linux 1.7. Python Installation from Source 1.8. The Interactive Shell 1.9. Summary 2. Your First Python Program 2.1. Diving in 2.2. Declaring Functions 2.2.1. How Python's Datatypes Compare to Other Programming Languages 2.3. Documenting Functions 2.4. Everything Is an Object 2.4.1. The Import Search Path 2.4.2. What's an Object? 2.5. Indenting Code 2.6. Testing Modules 3. Native Datatypes 3.1. Introducing Dictionaries 3.1.1. Defining Dictionaries 3.1.2. Modifying Dictionaries 3.1.3. Deleting Items From Dictionaries 3.2. Introducing Lists 3.2.1. Defining Lists 3.2.2. Adding Elements to Lists 3.2.3. Searching Lists 3.2.4. Deleting List Elements 3.2.5. Using List Operators 3.3. Introducing Tuples 3.4. Declaring variables 3.4.1. Referencing Variables 3.4.2. Assigning Multiple Values at Once 3.5. Formatting Strings 3.6. Mapping Lists 3.7. Joining Lists and Splitting Strings 3.7.1. Historical Note on String Methods 3.8. Summary 4. The Power Of Introspection 4.1. Diving In 4.2. Using Optional and Named Arguments 4.3. Using type, str, dir, and Other Built-In Functions 4.3.1. The type Function 4.3.2. The str Function 4.3.3. Built-In Functions 4.4. Getting Object References With getattr 4.4.1. getattr with Modules 4.4.2. getattr As a Dispatcher 4.5. Filtering Lists 4.6. The Peculiar Nature of and and or 4.6.1. Using the and-or Trick 4.7. Using lambda Functions 4.7.1. Real-World lambda Functions 4.8. Putting It All Together 4.9. Summary 5. Objects and Object-Orientation 5.1. Diving In 5.2. Importing Modules Using from module import 5.3. Defining Classes 5.3.1. Initializing and Coding Classes 5.3.2. Knowing When to Use self and init 5.4. Instantiating Classes 5.4.1. Garbage Collection 5.5. Exploring UserDict: A Wrapper Class 5.6. Special Class Methods 5.6.1. Getting and Setting Items 5.7. Advanced Special Class Methods 5.8. Introducing Class Attributes 5.9. Private Functions 5.10. Summary 6. Exceptions and File Handling 6.1. Handling Exceptions 6.1.1. Using Exceptions For Other Purposes 6.2. Working with File Objects 6.2.1. Reading Files 6.2.2. Closing Files 6.2.3. Handling I/O Errors 6.2.4. Writing to Files 6.3. Iterating with for Loops 6.4. Using sys.modules 6.5. Working with Directories 6.6. Putting It All Together 6.7. Summary 7. Regular Expressions 7.1. Diving In 7.2. Case Study: Street Addresses 7.3. Case Study: Roman Numerals 7.3.1. Checking for Thousands 7.3.2. Checking for Hundreds 7.4. Using the {n,m} Syntax 7.4.1. Checking for Tens and Ones 7.5. Verbose Regular Expressions 7.6. Case study: Parsing Phone Numbers 7.7. Summary 8. HTML Processing 8.1. Diving in 8.2. Introducing sgmllib.py 8.3. Extracting data from HTML documents 8.4. Introducing BaseHTMLProcessor.py 8.5. locals and globals 8.6. Dictionary-based string formatting 8.7. Quoting attribute values 8.8. Introducing dialect.py 8.9. Putting it all together 8.10. Summary 9. XML Processing 9.1. Diving in 9.2. Packages 9.3. Parsing XML 9.4. Unicode 9.5. Searching for elements 9.6. Accessing element attributes 9.7. Segue 10. Scripts and Streams 10.1. Abstracting input sources 10.2. Standard input, output, and error 10.3. Caching node lookups 10.4. Finding direct children of a node 10.5. Creating separate handlers by node type 10.6. Handling command-line arguments 10.7. Putting it all together 10.8. Summary 11. HTTP Web Services 11.1. Diving in 11.2. How not to fetch data over HTTP 11.3. Features of HTTP 11.3.1. User-Agent 11.3.2. Redirects 11.3.3. Last-Modified/If-Modified-Since 11.3.4. ETag/If-None-Match 11.3.5. Compression 11.4. Debugging HTTP web services 11.5. Setting the User-Agent 11.6. Handling Last-Modified and ETag 11.7. Handling redirects 11.8. Handling compressed data 11.9. Putting it all together 11.10. Summary 12. SOAP Web Services 12.1. Diving In 12.2. Installing the SOAP Libraries 12.2.1. Installing PyXML 12.2.2. Installing fpconst 12.2.3. Installing SOAPpy 12.3. First Steps with SOAP 12.4. Debugging SOAP Web Services 12.5. Introducing WSDL 12.6. Introspecting SOAP Web Services with WSDL 12.7. Searching Google 12.8. Troubleshooting SOAP Web Services 12.9. Summary 13. Unit Testing 13.1. Introduction to Roman numerals 13.2. Diving in 13.3. Introducing romantest.py 13.4. Testing for success 13.5. Testing for failure 13.6. Testing for sanity 14. Test-First Programming 14.1. roman.py, stage 1 14.2. roman.py, stage 2 14.3. roman.py, stage 3 14.4. roman.py, stage 4 14.5. roman.py, stage 5 15. Refactoring 15.1. Handling bugs 15.2. Handling changing requirements 15.3. Refactoring 15.4. Postscript 15.5. Summary 16. Functional Programming 16.1. Diving in 16.2. Finding the path 16.3. Filtering lists revisited 16.4. Mapping lists revisited 16.5. Data-centric programming 16.6. Dynamically importing modules 16.7. Putting it all together 16.8. Summary 17. Dynamic functions 17.1. Diving in 17.2. plural.py, stage 1 17.3. plural.py, stage 2 17.4. plural.py, stage 3 17.5. plural.py, stage 4 17.6. plural.py, stage 5 17.7. plural.py, stage 6 17.8. Summary 18. Performance Tuning 18.1. Diving in 18.2. Using the timeit Module 18.3. Optimizing Regular Expressions 18.4. Optimizing Dictionary Lookups 18.5. Optimizing List Operations 18.6. Optimizing String Manipulation 18.7. Summary A. Further reading B. A 5-minute review C. Tips and tricks D. List of examples E. Revision history F. About the book G. GNU Free Documentation License G.0. Preamble G.1. Applicability and definitions G.2. Verbatim copying G.3. Copying in quantity G.4. Modifications G.5. Combining documents G.6. Collections of documents G.7. Aggregation with independent works G.8. Translation G.9. Termination G.10. Future revisions of this license G.11. How to use this License for your documents H. Python license H.A. History of the software H.B. Terms and conditions for accessing or otherwise using Python H.B.1. PSF license agreement H.B.2. BeOpen Python open source license agreement version 1 H.B.3. CNRI open source GPL-compatible license agreement H.B.4. CWI permissions statement and disclaimer