1. 关于我
个人信息
Jick Nan |
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主页 |
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Blog |
2. C
2.1. malloc, calloc, free
- 一个严重的错误：释放不是通过调用 malloc, calloc 得到的指针所指向的存储空间。
- 使用已释放空间同样是错误的。
3. Gnu Tools
3.1. Vim
先看 [http://chinaunix.net/jh/28/194152.html 进行有效编辑的七种习惯] by Bram Moolenaar, the author of vim.
再看 [http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-tip-vim1/ Vim 实用技术] at DeveloperWorks.
3.1.1. Edit a file
3.1.1.1. Move around quickly
If you set the incsearch option, Vim will show the first match for the pattern, while you are still typing it. This quickly shows a typo in the pattern.
If you set hlsearch option, Vim will highlight all matches for the pattern with a yellow background.
If you see a specific word and want to search for other occurrences of the same word, use the * command to grab the word from under the cursor and search for the next one, while # search for the previous one.
- In structured text(C/C++)
% can jump to many different matching items. It is very useful to check if() and {} constructs are balanced properly.
Use [{ to jump back to the "{" at the start of the current code block, and ]} for '}'.
Use gd to jump from the use of variable to its local declaration.
- 可视（visual）模式，用于选定文本块；可以在正常模式下输入“v”（小写）来按字符选定，输入“V”（大写）来按行选定，或输入“Ctrl-V”来按方块选定。
3.1.1.2. Don't type it twice
If you want to change one word into another in the whole file, you can use the :s(substitute) command.
If you want to change one word into another only a few locations, a quick method is to use the * command to find the next occurrence of the word and use cw to change the word. Then type n to find the next word and .(dot) to repeat the cw command.
CTRL-N can auto complete function and variable names. Vim looks up words in the file you are editing, and also in #include'd files.
Vim has a mechanism to record a macro. You type qa to start recording into register 'a'. Then you type your commands as usual and finally hit q again to stop recording. When you want to repeat the recorded commands you type @a.
3.1.1.3. Fix it when it's wrong
It's normal to make errors while typing, this can be corrected with abbreviations: :abbr Lunix Linux.
The same mechanism can be used to type a long word with just a few characters: :abbr pn pinguin.
- To find errors in your text Vim has a clever hightlighting mechanism. This was actually meant to be used to do syntax hightlighting of programs, but it can catch and highlight errors as well.
- A more complex example: English text.
3.1.2. Edit more files
3.1.2.1. A file seldom comes alone
- Tag mechanism works for jumping between files.
Another powerful mechanism is to find all occurrences of a name in a group of files, using the :grep command. Vim makes a list of all matches, and jumps to the first one. The :cn command takes you to each next match.
Positions the cursor on the name of the function in your file and type [i: Vim will show a list of all matches for the function name in the included files.
- In vim you can split the text erea in several parts to edit different files.
- There are more uses of multiple window. The preview-tag mechanism is a very good example.
3.1.2.2. Let's work together
Select some structured text in a list and sort it: !sort.
3.1.2.3. Text is structured
One of the simpler things is to speed up the edit-compile-fix cycle. Vim has the :make command, which starts your compilations, catches the errors it produces and lets you jump to the error locations to fix the problems.
3.1.3. Sharpen the saw
3.1.3.1. Make it a habit
- You need to learn new commands and turn them into a habit.
3.2. CVS
先看 [http://www.chedong.com/tech/cvs_card.html CVS使用手册] by Chedong.
4. 反馈
欢迎大家对我说三道四哪