文章来自《Python cookbook》.

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-- 61.182.251.99 [DateTime(2004-09-20T19:38:11Z)] TableOfContents

描述

文件中查找替换字符串

问题

You need to change one string into another throughout a file. 替换文件中特定字符串

解决

String substitution is most simply performed by the replace method of string objects. The work here is to support reading from the specified file (or standard input) and writing to the specified file (or standard output):

使用string的replace方法可以简单实现字符串替换操作。从指定文件(或标准输入)读入内容，进行处理，然后写入指定文件(或标准输出)，工作就完成了。

import os, sys

nargs = len(sys.argv)

if not 3 <= nargs <= 5:
    print "usage: %s search_text replace_text [infile [outfile]]" % \
        os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
else:
    stext = sys.argv[1]
    rtext = sys.argv[2]                                    
    input = sys.stdin                                     #标准输入  
    output = sys.stdout                                   #标准输出 
    if nargs > 3:
        input = open(sys.argv[3])                         #数据源文件 
    if nargs > 4:
        output = open(sys.argv[4], 'w')                   #数据目的文件  

    for s in input.xreadlines(  ):                         #读入文件的每一行
        output.write(s.replace(stext, rtext))              #处理，并写入目的文件 
    output.close(  )
    input.close(  )

译注：file.xreadlines() is deprecated , use the following code snipet instead   
        for line in file:
            process(line)  

讨论 Discussion

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参考 See Also